Former Salvadoran army officers convicted in 1982 killing of 4 Dutch TV journalists
Three former Salvadoran military officers were convicted by a five-person jury late Tuesday for the 1982 killings of four Dutch journalists during the Central American nation's civil war. They received 15-year prison sentences.
A jury made up of five women convicted the three men of murder in a lightning trial that began Tuesday morning in the northern city of Chalatenango, said Oscar Pérez, lawyer for the Foundation Comunicandonos that represented the victims' families. Pérez said prosecutors had requested minimum 15-year prison sentences for all three.
Convicted were former Defense Minister Gen. José Guillermo García, 91, former treasury police director Col. Francisco Morán, 93, and Col. Mario Adalberto Reyes Mena, 85, who was the former army commander of the Fourth Infantry Brigade in Chalatenango.
García and Morán are under police guard at a private hospital in San Salvador, while Reyes Mena lives in the United States. In March, El Salvador's Supreme Court ordered that the extradition process be started to bring him back.
Pérez said that in addition to the convictions of the former high-ranking officers, the judge condemned the government for the delayed justice and ordered the commander in chief of the armed forces, President Nayib Bukele, to issue a public apology to the victims.
The Dutch TV journalists — Jan Kuiper, Koos Koster, Hans ter Laag and Joop Willemson — had linked up with leftist rebels and planned to spend several days behind rebel lines reporting. But Salvadoran soldiers armed with assault rifles and machine guns ambushed them and the guerrillas.
García was deported from the U.S. in 2016, after a U.S. judge declared him responsible for serious human rights violations during the early years of the war between the military and the leftist Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front guerrillas.
The prosecution of the men was reopened in 2018 after the Supreme Court declared unconstitutional a general amnesty passed following the 1980-1992 war.
It moved slowly, but in March 2022, relatives of the victims and representatives of the Dutch government and European Union demanded that those responsible for killing Jan Kuiper, Koos Koster, Hans ter Laag and Joop Willemson be tried.
Dutch Foreign Minister Caspar Veldkamp welcomed the convictions.
"This is an important moment in the fight against impunity and in the pursuit of justice for the four Dutch journalists and their next of kin," Veldkamp said in a .
"Grateful to the authorities of El Salvador and to all those who have worked tirelessly on this case," he added.
According to Foundation Comunicandonos, died just two days before his 40th birthday and his colleague Hans ter Laag wrote a letter to his girlfriend shortly before the fatal trip, saying: "My dear, this Wednesday the guerrillas will take us to the liberated zone. We are going to Chalatenango, where the armed struggle is taking place. It is a very dangerous trip and must be secret."
Koos Koster studied theology in college and published several books about international politics, Foundation Comunicandonos said. The tombstone at his graveside features an image, made by his sister, depicting a biblical story and next to it the motto: "Survival compels."
Joop Willensen planned to marry his longtime partner, Yata Matsuzaki, in Mexico after his trip to El Salvador, .
The United Nations Truth Commission for El Salvador, which was set up as part of a U.N.-brokered peace agreement in 1992, concluded there was clear evidence that the killings were the result of an ambush set up by Reyes Mena with the knowledge of other officials, based on an intelligence report that alerted of the journalists' presence.
Other members of the military, including Gen. Rafael Flores Lima and Sgt. Mario Canizales Espinoza were also accused of involvement, but died. Canizales allegedly led the patrol that carried out the massacre of the journalists.
Juan Carlos Sánchez, of the nongovernmental organization Mesa Contra la Impunidad, in comments to journalists, called the trial a "transcendental step that the victims have waited 40 years for."
An estimated 75,000 civilians were killed during El Salvador's civil war, mostly by U.S.-backed government security forces.
The trial was closed to the public.
